Other entries in this category:
Home
| What a Feller »
February 22, 2007
Capp's Hardhats
Al Capp was the creator of one of the great works of satire - in any medium - of the 20th century: the comic strip Li'l Abner, which ran in the daily papers from 1934-1977. It was an hilarious and cutting rebuttal to slick hucksterism and phony sophistication, and reading the first decade or two of the strip in the Kitchen Sink Press collections several years ago left me with the impression that Capp was a decent fellow who felt it his duty to expose the fools and charlatans responsible for society's ills. That may be an oversimplification, and Capp was certainly not naive himself (his excellent, autobiographical My Well Blanced Life on a Wooden Leg is eloquent and moving proof of this) but in general, he seemed to rightly side with the underdog or victim -- even if that person was as much a dullard as his frequent, titular hero Li'l Abner, a goodhearted naif if there ever was one.

By the 1960s and 70s, though, his persona seems to have undergone a change; or was it simply that the culture had changed around him in the fifty years since his youth? I don't know what his personal politics were throughout his life, but I imagine this quote from his
bio at Wikipedia is a pretty cartoonish (ha!) conclusion:
"In the '60s, Capp's politics swung from liberal to conservative, and instead of caricaturing big business types, he began spoofing counterculture icons such as Joan Baez... "
Since when are "big business types" and "counterculture icons" mutually exclusive? It's embarrassingly clear, especially in hindsight, how opportunist and careerist many (if not most) of the Baezes and Dylans of the 60s actually were -- Capp was merely doing what he had always done, deflating the fatheads and phonies. That he now had even more platforms (his strip, newspaper columns and reportedly a very popular - if increasingly controversial - presence on the college lecture circuit) to express his opinions may have inflated his tendencies to mock and goad those he saw as deserving figures and institutions...

And how could placing such a volatile (though clearly vulnerable, hence defensive -- even touchingly so) personality amid such a set of circumstances have any effect other than that of making
him appear a loudmouthed fathead? I think certain groups of people knew this and
they were
goading Capp. He did seem to go out of his way, though, to spout off and insert himself where he might not have been welcome (certainly he was an opportunist and careerist himself). It's just a shame he didn't have the reserve and humilty (or just outright shyness?) that someone like
Charles Schulz possessed.
At any rate, I'm sure I'm not saying anything that hasn't already been said - and better - by other, more knowledgable writers than myself. I just think it's a fascinating and sad situation all around. There aren't really any lessons to learn, it's just the mess of life. And I think Capp's strip, at its rare best, explored that same idea.

So:these illustrations are from a book Capp wrote called
The Hardhat's Bedtime Story Book, published by Harper & Row in 1971. This was a hardcover copy I found in the free pile at the local library, and I see from my research that it's cheaply and widely available on ebay and amazon and all the other used-bookseller sites, so I have to say I don't know how uncommon it is. Hopefully it hasn't been so widely seen that this is a waste of my time -- or yours.

The book is a collection of topical essays, observances, etc. from the author -- and I have to admit I didn't read much of it. As soon as I see the names "Kennedy" or "Carson" (or their visages in cartoon form) or the designations "mayor" or "dean" my eyes glaze over and I just lose all interest. This may be shortsighted and shallow of me but this work - as a whole - is shortsided and shallow, and too specific to be of any interest even a few short years later. It's like
Walt Kelly's
Pogo when he began to caricature specific indviduals instead of creating ones that reflect certain
types -- that's when I stop reading. I'm not interested in editorial cartooning, nor in journalism for that matter.

However, I am interested in good cartooning, and these examples are that, at least in the form of single illustrations embellishing the text. I've always liked Capp's drawing; he might not be the most supple or fluid draftsman but there's something unique about his style that I've never been able to put my finger on. I can't see any precedent for his style in earlier comic strips -- though undoubtedly he must have been influenced by many of his elders, not the least of which being his (tor)mentor Ham Fisher. So maybe Capp's lineage is obvious and I'm just ignorant...

But I like the stuff, wherever it came from. It's a weird combination of bigfoot and grotesquerie, made even more peculiar by the occasional, strangely idealized forms. Perhaps his later reliance on assistants is the answer? Sometimes (not always) it looks as if he pasted a Big Daddy Roth decal of a freakish head on top of a body drawn by a totally anonymous artist. It's hard to pin down.
Anyhow, at this point (1971) I have no idea if he would use assistants for this kind of project -- his daily strip, sure, but a book he wrote himself, and requiring only about a dozen pages of drawings? I'd love to know.

Every illustration from the book is here; the dustjacket cover I excluded because it was stickered with assorted library tags and markings, and it was just a color variation of the title page you see at the very top of this entry. The drawings are presented here in the same order as they appear in the book, though I have in some cases removed captions and cropped other text. I did include the back cover as the last image.

I must have spent about 15 minutes googling "Bulzcht" thinking it was someone's name... then I realized he must have meant
bullshit. How silly of me.

"So, Al Capp and
Steve Ditko walk into a bar... "
Yo Jeff, I've got a back issue of The Baffler (or maybe its an anthology, I can't remember) with a long essay on Capp's politics. Despite his mad cartooning skills, I remember it made a pretty good case that Capp was a ring-wing nutcase his whole life. I'll bring it in to work for you...
Posted by: Andrew at February 22, 2007 05:58 PM
Posted by: Jeffrey at February 23, 2007 03:26 AM
Revisionist nonsense. Check out what Isaac Asimov had to say about Al Capp in I.Asimov. He was good friends with Asimov at one time; they attended rallies for LBJ together in 1964; Asimov certainly considered Capp a liberal.
Things degraded to the point where Asimov ultimately felt compelled to publicly denounce Capp's blatant racism. Asimov wasn't a fan of the 60's counterculture set himself, but he thought Capp's carictures, especially calling out the ones of Joan Baez and blacks in general, were vicious and uncalled for.
Posted by: Frog at March 1, 2007 11:45 AM
I was a big fan. His downfall came as a result of being accused of child molestation. Don't know if it was true but it really hurt his popularity.
Posted by: Carl Di Stefano at March 1, 2007 11:46 AM
I agree, a lot of Capp's targets were deserving. But his well-documented exchange with John Lennon and Yoko Ono during their "bed-in" was disgusting...his attacks on her were vicious and personal, in no way appropriate to the occasion however ludicrous it may have been. It's one thing to deflate counterculture icons; his spitting hatred of two goofy peaceniks was something else entirely.
Posted by: David at March 1, 2007 11:47 AM
FWIW, the woman caricatured on the Bulzcht page looks a whole lot like Bella Abzug, famously liberal member of the House of Representatives beginning in 1971 and contestant for various Senate and NYC mayoral elections. She was very well-known for her big hats.
Posted by: josh at March 1, 2007 12:05 PM
Al Capp was a jerk, and a loser, and his work was rubbish, thats why no one collects it now.
Posted by: piltdownman at March 1, 2007 12:08 PM
There's no doubt that Capp was hugely talented. Right-wing? Sure--he shows up in the John Lennon documentary, Imagine, trying to take the piss out of John and Yoko during (and for) the bed-in. He failed, but I'm slightly sympathetic to the notion that Lennon occasionally could have deserved having the piss taken out of him. His distaste for dirty hippies, and leering at hippie chicks, are typical for men of his generation and that era.
But the fourth cartoon from the bottom is a rape joke. When were those ever funny?
Posted by: Mr. X at March 1, 2007 01:05 PM
These illustrations, although a bit dated, are great!!
It doesn't take a stretch of the mind to apply some of 60's-70's-period Capps' counter-counter culture observations to modern pc ridiculousness.
Left, Right, whatever - Capp should be applauded for poking fun at any type of elitist "untouchable" group, and being capable of empathizing with a variety of underdogs. Sometimes a good bs-calling smarts.
Mucho props for posting these!...
Posted by: Chris at March 1, 2007 02:33 PM
You must be pretty young or just plain dumb to think Capp was a "decent fellow", just trying to expose hypocrisy wherever he found it- he only ever found it on the left-in the proponents of civil rights and in the opponents of the tragic Vietnam War. True, his cartooning was good, but I think it is an insult to speak of him in the same breath as the great Walt Kelly. You also insult Baez and Dylan, whose artistic and political contributions far excede Capp's, who contributed mainly bile, not truth, to a difficult period in our country's history. Those of us who were there at the time also remember that his visits to campuses, although given the V.I.P. "hush-hush" treatment, were attended by many ugly tales of lechery, improper and even perverse behavior on the part of this "decent fellow". Read Andrew's book. Capp, for all his talent, was a CREEP!
Posted by: George Parrish at March 1, 2007 03:19 PM
Saw a biography the other day on Frank Frazetta.
You know him, he's the guy that re-did all the covers for the Edgar Rice Burroughs books (Tarzan, Conan the Barbarian).
He was with Al from 1952 to 1961 and is credited with a huge amount of work for Lil Abner...
The style appears to be Capps, but the quality was definately Frazetta.
Posted by: Mikey at March 1, 2007 03:31 PM
Look again. Artistic quality notwithstanding, several of the illos you reproduced are remarkably mean-spirited and hostile.
Capp's parodies always were razor-edged ("Mary Worthless, Lovable Old Busybody"), but he really did lose it in "The Sixties."
Posted by: Neil in Chicago at March 1, 2007 05:07 PM
Documentary proof of Capp's crusade against trust-fund hippies is to be found in the lp: Al Capp On Campus. Keep an eye on eBay for it!
Posted by: TSOL at March 1, 2007 05:32 PM
I met Al Capp at a news conference in St.Louis in 1969.
He was very provocative, but seemed to enjoy life a great deal.
At that time he was solidly conservative, and enjoyed goading liberals in the audience.
No matter what your politics are, the fact remains that Al Capp was bigger than life figure, and a very talented man.
Posted by: Skip at March 1, 2007 07:04 PM
"Capp was merely doing what he had always done, deflating the fatheads and phonies.."
No, he went from being a brilliant artist who caricatured the powerful to a loathsome hater of the not-powerful. He made a later career of appearing on talk shows and insulting women, "hippies," liberals, etc. (Not that different from the trajectory of Mort Sahl, but with much more venom.)
I've always loved him as an artist, but I came to despise him as the miserable curmudgeonly bastard he became.
Posted by: woid at March 1, 2007 07:50 PM
Capp had a good crew working for him and that helped his reputation as an artist, but he was mostly an organizer and writer, IMHO - for a while, for instance, Frank Frazetta would draw the voluptuous female bodies, and Capp would add the heads - but my favorite stunt of his was his feud with "Mary Worth" and her creator, Allen Saunders. Capp had a real flair for capturing the spirit of "Mary Worm", his hilariously vicious lampoon of Worth, and Saunders was pissed of enough to strike back with a drunken cartoonist character named "Hal Rapp", until the Syndicate told 'em to knock it off. Fearless Fosdick was my real reason to read his stuff, anyway.
Posted by: Vanwall at March 1, 2007 11:22 PM
Thanks for all the comments.
I wonder if Capp had a lightning-rod instead of a wooden leg? Thirty years after his death and people still go apeshit at the mere mention of his name.
A few replies:
-Regarding Capp's alleged child-molesting -- this is the first I've heard of such an incident. A thorough internet search yielded no evidence at all (other than rumors, of course) of the supposed crime. Certainly he was accused - repeatedly, apparently - of unwanted sexual advances at various colleges, but was he a pedophile? Provide some proof.
-As for Dylan, Lennon, Baez: They - as artists or human beings - simply don't interest me as much as Capp, whose work was just as humane, "decent" or "truthful" a contribution as any of theirs -- especially considering the ridiculous, unquestioned "icon" status they each enjoy. What is Dylan contributing with his Victoria's Secret ads? What did Lennon encourage by his "bed-ins" other than the increased slothfulness of his slavish followers? And Baez -- who cares? I can name a dozen lesser-known "folkies" of her era whose work is more interesting, challenging and personal than hers.
-And the "rape joke" -- who says it's meant to be funny? It's not a single-panel gag cartoon; it's a one-page illo removed from the context of its chapter in a larger book. Admittedly, it would require a pretty skewed framework to allow for any but an offensive reading of that page. Still -- rape jokes are one thing, rape itself is quite another.
-As far as I know, Frazetta stopped working with Capp in 1961. This book appears to have been published in 1971, which rules out his participation in the creation of the drawings. I'm sure Capp had countless assistants over the years...
Posted by: Jeffrey at March 2, 2007 05:50 AM
After Frazetta, the best-known Capp assistant was MAD's Jack Rickard, who drew so much of the later strips (Capp continued the practice of drawing at least the faces of the principals) that it's hard to untangle his style from Capp's. These drawings look like they could be the same sort of thing.
Capp's later bitterness still doesn't take away his earlier genius, for me. By the time I came along, he was into his 60s phase. The stories generally ran a week or two, and his epic days were behind him, but I still thought it was good stuff. Now I've been spoiled by the reprints. Before those were available, I used to go to the library and read my home town paper in microfilm, following three or four strips from day to day. I'd have to quit when I got 'carsick' from zooming ahead to the next day.
Posted by: Kip W at March 2, 2007 10:32 AM
Surprised no one pointed out probably the greatest smackdown in the history of television: Frank Zappa and Al Capp were on (I believe) Cavett's show. Capp had a prosthetic leg at the time. Capp taunted Zappa by saying "You have long hair, does that make you a girl?"
Zappa replied: "You have a wooden leg - does that make you a table?"
Posted by: petruk at March 3, 2007 10:46 AM
Capp had a strange career. His greatest work was probably the Legend of the Shmoo, printed right after WWII, which asked why there wasn't prosperity for all. His answer: greed and other human failings. But if bitterness and anger drove his satire, well, Capp was no different from most great satirists. Unfortunately, in the 60s, he wasn't content to ply his art and became a public figure -- the road to Hell for many an artist. A few comments on the comments: the sex crime wasn't pedophilia. Capp was charged with forcing legal sodomy (a BJ) on a young woman. It was a set-up, something that must have made him even more bitter about humanity. The incident ended his public appearances.; Capp was a superb artist, though he depended on assistants later in his career, this being the normal course for cartoonists of his day. Frazetta worked some on Li'l Abner but mostly on Long Sam, a Capp-written strip about a baseball player. Capp himself worked as assistant to Ham Fisher (Joe Palooka). After Capp wrote a satirical humor piece about the ordeal of working for the man, Fisher went nuts and accused Capp of drawing obscene comics. Fisher actually pasted together "examples" of these comics which were introduced as evidence in court. They were easilly revealed to be fakes and, after Capp was exonerated and Fisher humiliated, Fisher killed himself. Sometimes I think that Capp was like the character that he created who always had a black cloud over his head so that bad luck followed him and he was always miserable wherever he went.; In Imagine, when Capp meets Lennon, it isn't only Capp's anger but also John's, that is evident. Capp's compulsion to confront Lennon shows the self-destructiveness of such anger.
Posted by: CCBC at March 3, 2007 03:33 PM
Yeah, it's always a good idea to squelch the art of the past because it might be considered offensive or racist or sexist today... we should be sure and burn all the history books while we are at it.
Art is art of its own accord; it is not inextricably tied to some political movement or time. Why are you complainers so scared to look our past sqaure in the eye? And, Mr Parrish, while our beloved blogger may not have lived during the time of these cartoons, I guess it takes that darn "youth" to be brave enough to acknowledge the realities in *your* past And honestly, he's not that young and definitely not dumb either, just read his blog.
Jeff, I definitely agree-there are MANY more important "icons" than Dylan, Lennon, and Baez. Music industry icons like those three were raking in the dough during the 60s, all while esposing the "poverty is cool" ideal. Old knee-jerk-liberal hippies who can't get over their flower power teen years just need to get a clue. It was one more marketed "movement" that was making someone lots of money off of bored middle class kids who wanted to annoy their parents. No different than the music culture that tagged along with the "Gangsta'" uprising, no different than tattoos and piercings of today. To me, the "little guys" in the civil rights movement made the real sacrifice--those people had something to lose when they raised their voices together (not just the keys to mommy's volzwagen bug). And even that movement was bastardized by marketing eventually...
Thanks for posting such a provocative bunch of images! Keep up the great work
Posted by: BRC at March 5, 2007 06:27 PM
He was the people's cartoonist (i.e. a populist, not a communist).
In the 60's, the vast, vast majority of the public found hippies to be the antithesis of human civility, rather than the saviors of humanity they claimed to be. They were seen as regressive, naive, worthless terrorists by nearly everyone over 30.
(It seems to me that there are a lot more ex-hippies these days then there were hippies in the first place.)
Posted by: jenny at March 6, 2007 11:04 AM
i once heard that al capp used to ride around in a hot ait baloon and he would hang a giant meat hook from a rope down and grab small animals with it as he passed over the country side
because of this habbit i could never enjoy his artwork
seriously though, who cares who he put down in his art, as far as i can tell it was his job to be a douche bag, in retrospect all people in history were douchebags, especialy damn dirty hippes
Posted by: albino at March 6, 2007 11:38 AM
The problem with Internet posting is that it validates the opinions of uninformed people across the board. Capp was never once accused of "child molestation". Nor was he a racist. (Even a smattering of Li'l Abner - the famous "square eyes" story, for instance - reveals Capp as a champion of the downtrodden and "different".) He made a living for decades doing the grossest, most hilarious cartoon caricatures of white hillbillies. How anyone can accuse him of singling out Blacks is absurd. These accusations are a matter of pure and simple ignorance. If you want the facts, they are available online for all to read. Please educate yourselves before you post.
Posted by: Mike Fontanelli at March 8, 2007 05:58 PM
Petruk, who contributed the Frank Zappa story, is misinformed.
In reality, the exchange he cites occurred between Zappa and a '60's right wing talk show host named Joe Pine, [look it up] who lost a leg in WWII. The exchange did not appear on The Dick Cavett Show, and had nothing to do with Al Capp.
Moreover, piltdownman appears to be an imbecile.
Posted by: Mike Fontanelli at March 9, 2007 02:11 PM
I am awed by the drawing power. Frank Frazetta drew some fantastic strips for Capp. His hillbilly girl drawings surpass anything.
Posted by: Jim Smith at March 18, 2007 10:39 PM
These drawings make a grown man cry. I only wish I could draw like Al Capp.
Posted by: Jim Smith at March 18, 2007 10:41 PM
My comments have been submitted. What's with all the high-horse security? Al Capp is one of my heroes.
Posted by: Jim Smith at March 18, 2007 10:45 PM
"My comments have been submitted. What's with all the high-horse security?"
It's so psychos like you don't flood the comments with unreasonable harangues. Jeez -- relax, I check the site a couple times a day. There you go.
Posted by: Jeffrey at March 19, 2007 02:39 AM
I remember Al Capp well. He was a talented artist & satirist in his early days.
But as he aged and became famous I saw and heard Al Capp many times on various interview shows, and he gradually mutated into an arrogant obnoxious ass.
In his later years, listening to him pontificate through the thick clouds of cigarette smoke that eventually killed him was an exercise in irritation.
His fame and accompanying arrogant behavior eventually led to his downfall. He was banned from campus lectures after numerous allegations of attempted sexual assaults on female students. This ended his public speaking career and his comic strip Lil' Abner was dropped from most newspapers.
While he may have been a brilliant satirist and talented artist in his early years, virtually no one missed him (my opinion) after he dropped out of sight.
I have no personal ax to grind with Al Capp and his legacy. But I was alive and an interested fan of his work during his lifetime.
I apologize for the lengthly post, but people deserve to know the truth about the man before he is canonized by the many revisionist historians that seem to be making the rounds these days.
Bottom line / summary:
Talented artist and satirist;
and an arrogant horny asshole.
Nice website btw. Will return to check it out more later.
Posted by: Soixant at September 20, 2007 06:21 PM
Al Capp's career was brought down in the 1960s after accusations of (and at least one arrest for) forcing himself on coeds during his college lecture tours. Columnist Jack Anderson got sworn affadavits from several undergraduate women accusing Capp of trying to rape them. And throughout his career Capp was alleged to have forced himself on a number of Hollywood starlets including Grace Kelly and Goldie Hawn. Edie Adams, who played Daisy Mae in the original Broadway production of LI'L ABNER, remembers Capp sitting in the theater during rehearsals and exposing himself to the actresses.
In the wake of the recent Duke lacrosse case, you have to be VERY wary of rape charges against public figures -- especially within the confines of a college campus -- but the allegations against Capp apparently had merit.
A full-length, objective biography of Al Capp (on the order of David Michaelis' masterful new SCHULZ AND PEANUTS) has yet to be written.
Posted by: Andrew at October 6, 2007 06:55 PM
Regarding a good bio of Capp:
I don't want to speak out of turn, but I was contacted by a mamber of Capp's family who is preparing a documentary on the man that will, I assume, include a look at the various controversies mentioned above.
I'm not saying it will be objective, but I'm sure it will be interesting. I look forward to it.
Posted by: Jeffrey at October 6, 2007 07:44 PM
Supposedly Nixon helped make a rape charge against Capp go away. There's a reference to it on the watergate tapes. On his end Capp had to agree to end his "values" tour of college campuses.
Posted by: Phil at October 17, 2007 12:13 AM
The work represented here of Capp is typical of the hateful,sexist, bigoted relics of yesterdays media that we can be thankful are well behind us.
A classic example of what a twisted personality he was is the parody of rape in the cartoon above.
At best over rated, Capp was a classic example of the phrase "the empty can rattles the loudest".
Lest we remember
Posted by: Ross Duggan at March 9, 2008 07:38 AM
Part of what makes his art so compelling is that it's got a really strong sexual(ly repressed?) vibe, and Capp was obviously not the most well adjusted guy in the world. Sure, he was probably a creep but so are lots of interesting figures (ever see Dylan in Don't Look Back?).
Posted by: Jim at May 10, 2008 09:42 AM
In the late sixties Left and Liberal split.
As a wacky libertarian, Capp was furious.
Ridicule, by his hand, was funny.
And his strip was funny -- the bottom line.
He beautifully drew a comical strip.
Posted by: Gus at June 19, 2009 02:36 AM
Post a comment